Fatal Gold Coast Crash Caused by Cockpit Blind Spots and Faulty Radio
The Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) has released 28 findings that highlight the need for technological upgrades and stricter protocols to enhance aviation safety standards and prevent future incidents like the Sea World crash.
The tragic mid-air collision near Sea World was not an isolated incident but rather a result of cockpit blind spots, communication failures, and the placement of a helipad in a hazardous location.
The final report by the ATSB, released on April 9, identified these factors as contributing to the crash that occurred on Jan. 2, 2023, resulting in the deaths of four individuals and critical injuries to three others.
The report found that a faulty radio antenna on one of the helicopters severely limited transmission range, leading to crucial communication gaps between the pilots. Additionally, structural blind spots in both aircraft prevented visual detection of each other.
Recommendations from the ATSB include upgrades in communications technology, electronic alert systems, and visibility enhancements to mitigate the limitations of visual flight rules. It also emphasizes the importance of assessing operational changes and not relying solely on human vision in busy airspace.
‘See-and-Avoid’ Systematically Failed
A cockpit visibility study conducted in collaboration with Airbus Helicopters and iwiation GmbH revealed significant blind spots in both helicopters due to aircraft structure, pilot apparel, and environmental conditions, which hindered the pilots’ ability to see each other.
Advanced modelling and analysis confirmed that the traditional “see-and-avoid” method failed, highlighting the necessity for technological support to enhance pilot awareness and safety.
Radio Fault and Outdated Advice Compounded Risk
The report highlighted the impact of a defective radio in one of the helicopters, combined with inadequate ground crew timing, in exacerbating the collision risk. Outdated advice and lack of real-time information also contributed to the incident.
Multiple Failings
The reopening of a second helipad in March 2022 increased operational pressures and created a conflict zone in the airspace, exposing pilots to unmanageable risks. Additionally, there was a broader erosion of safety protocols over time, further compromising aviation safety.
ATSB Chief Commissioner Angus Mitchell emphasized the need to address four key safety gaps, including improving airspace conflict detection and implementing structured reviews before operational changes.
